Pax Romana

International Catholic Movement for Intellectual and Cultural Affairs

ICMICA/MIIC

 

International Congress

 

Theme: Global Governance, Global Justice: Africa as a Symbol and a Reality

 

Nairobi ( Kenya ), July 2008

 

CONCEPT PAPER

 

Global Governance, Global Justice: Africa as a Symbol and a Reality

Concept paper

 

One of the main features of the globalized world is the increasingly important role that global institutions play in providing answers to world issues including sustainable development, trade, environmental degradation, armed conflicts, economic crisis and reconstruction efforts, peace among civilizations and religions, human rights and culture, etc. Institutions such as the United Nations (UN), World Trade Organization (WTO), International Monetary Funds (IMF) and the World Bank (WB) were established to ensure that world issues are addressed collectively as national actors establish local mechanisms to deal with internal factors such as governance, corruption, and visionary resource allocation. This is necessary to efficiently take care of questions that cannot be resolved at the national or regional[1] level.

The process of interdependency is not new; it is a characteristic of modernity, from colonialism to imperialism, but in the last decades the economic, cultural and environment interdependency has grown to a proportion unseen before. It becomes a prerequisite to be compromised in a new joint effort to reduce world poverty and environment risks.

However, there has been growing concerns regarding the effectiveness of global institutions in managing issues such as poverty eradication, fair trade, peace among and within nations, and global warming. IMF and the World Bank for instance have been over criticized for their Structural Adjustment Programs (SAP) seen as a new route for savage capitalism unable to alleviate poverty in the global south. Growing poverty and inequalities remain the world’s greatest challenges. As the World Bank recognizes it, widening global disparities have increased the sense of deprivation and injustice for many[2]. What went wrong? How will global economic and political institutions reduce social and economic inequalities among people and nations? This requires the re-examination of the mandates of the existing international organizations in order to identify gaps and challenges preventing them from achieving a common good for all. The reform of the United Nations system indicates that peace, security and protection of human rights remain a human need and factor for global prosperity. Would the new Human Rights Council deliver global justice for all without the politization of human rights that characterized the then UN Human Rights Commission?

The search for global common good is the critical challenge for and a responsibility shared by all: individuals, families and businesses, as well as by the States and their leaders. To this moment, many of these actors have been moved mainly by specific interests. In the globalized world, Humanity will need to accept new values in order to alleviate the sufferings of the poor. Among others: human dignity, responsibility, solidarity, subsidiarity, transparency, etc. Moreover, all these values should be understood in the framework of a democratic system where international human rights set up the basic standards of the coexistence of communities. The churches, civil society, and NGOs play a crucial role in this change of values.

Elsewhere, the flux of financial capital has been accepted as one of the drivers of economic globalization. However, the world is failing to recognize the place of human capital in economic development. Migration is about the movement of men and women, mostly with skills and knowledge, from one corner of the world to another. The history of humanity is also a history of migration. National and regional migration policies are short of frameworks offering solutions to the causes of the problem in a way that respect human dignity and prevent the current brain drain from developing to western countries. African professionals for instance leave Africa en masse to technologically advanced countries in search for better job opportunities. Further more, few PhDs holders return to developing countries at the completion of their theses. This has a devastating effect on human and economic development.

Last but not least, religions and cultures play a crucial role in the world search for peace and social justice. Interreligious and inter-cultural dialogue is an urgent need to challenge violence among communities and nations. Needless to say, civil society organizations should continue to reflect and promote universal values and principles that allow peaceful day-to-day interactions among people of different civilizations.

The main focus of Pax Romana’s congress in July 2008 is on Africa, the forgotten continent for the consensus of Washington . Africa is a place where international policies of global governance have more than often demonstrated their failure and limits. However, Africa is changing. After slavery, colonial and post-colonial fights, the African countries are moving forward in order to build stronger democraticies. Diversity in all its possible ways in present in this continent and is challenging the creation of new plural societies harmonizing traditions and modernization. Thus, Africa represents also a reality of a changing society with emerging regional institutions playing a positive and promising role in many areas, peacekeeping in particular. “In spite of the challenge posed by Darfur , there are encouraging indications of a readiness and increasing ability to address conflict prevention and peacekeeping needs”[3]. This is a new opportunity for solidarity between the world and the African continent.

As Pax Romana moves towards the preparation of the 2008 congress, the organization reiterates the message of thousands of those who gathered in Porte Allegre in the 2002 World Social Forum:  Another and just world is possible and necessary[4]; a world that considers extreme poverty as an urgent scandal to deal with.

Objectives of the congress

The congress will draw young professionals, scholars, experts in the world governance system, and members of the civil society to:

  1. Rethink the role of institutions of global governance and regional institutions in addressing extreme poverty and pandemic diseases;
  2. Discuss common issues affecting the Global South including migration and brain drain; youth unemployment and Millennium Development Goals (MDGs);
  3. Review the efforts by civil society in the global advocacy campaign: does civil society matter in changing institutions of global governance and promoting human rights?
  1. Reflect on the trilogy: religions/traditions, peace and sustainable human development.

Methodology

The case study will be the methodology of this conference to build from the rich and varied experience of Pax Romana membership throughout the world. This will illuminate the plenary sessions around the following topics:

  1. Global governance and global justice: challenges and vision for a new world order
  2. Role of regional institutions in promoting peace and development: Experience from Africa, Americas , Asia and  Europe
  3. Financing for development: challenges posed by corruption and armed conflicts
  4. Migration and Development in the world today

Simultaneous workshops will be organized and animated by some experts on the following sub-themes:

  1. Youth employment
  2. Achieving Millennium Development Goals (MDGs): Challenges of eradicating poverty and fighting against Malaria & HIV/AIDS in Developing countries
  3. Search for peace in the World – the place of Interreligious and Intercultural dialogue
  4. Role of local governance in promoting development

Please send comments and suggestions to the

Scientific committee of the congress:

Jean Lokenga (lokenga@yahoo.fr) + 249 91 57 33 157

Paul Ortega ( paulortega@paxromanaint.ch) + 34 94 410 00 52

 

C.P. 374, 15 Rue du Grand –Bureau Geneva 4, CH-1211, Switzerland

 

 


[1] The term region is used here to mean: continent

[2] World Bank, World Development Report 2002/2001, Washington D.C. , 2001. p. vi

[3] Wilton Park , The Commission for Africa : implementing the findings. Report on Wilton Park Conference SO5/9, London 16-20 May 2005. p.3

[4] Bello Walden, Deglobalization. Ideas for a new World Economy. London, Zed Books Ltd, 2004. p.30